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HENRY L. GANTT
Henry Laurence Gantt, A.B., M.E. (1861-1919) was a mechanical engineer and management consultant who is most famous for developing the Gantt chart in the 1910s. These Gantt charts were employed on major infrastructure projects including the Hoover Dam and Interstate highway system and still are an important tool in project management.
Biography
Gantt was born in Calvert County, Maryland. He graduated from McDonogh School in 1878 and Johns Hopkins College and worked as a teacher and draughtsman before becoming mechanical engineer. In 1887 he joined Frederick W. Taylor in the scientific management of Midvale Steel and Bethlehem Steel and worked with him there until 1893. In his later career as a management consultant, in addition to the Gantt chart, he also designed the 'task and bonus' system of wage payment and developed methods of measuring worker efficiency and productivity. He died November 23, 1919.
Contribution
Henry Gantt's legacy to management profession is the following:
- The Gantt chart: Accepted as a the most important project management tool until today. It provides a graphic mechanism of planning, controlling work and recording the progress of workers toward the task standard. The Chart also led to its modern variation - PERT (Program Evaluation and Review Technique).
- Industrial Efficiency: Industrial efficiency can only be produced by the application of scientific analysis to all aspects of the work in progress. The industrial management role is to improve the system by eliminating chance and accidents.
- The Task And Bonus System: He linked the bonus paid to managers to how well they tought their employees to improve performance.
- The social responsibility of business: He believed that the business had obligations to the welfare of society that it operates in.
See also
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