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UTO-AZTECAN LANGUAGES

The Uto-Aztecan (also Uto-Aztekan) is a Native American language family. The Uto-Aztecan languages are found from the Great Basin of the western United States (Oregon, Idaho, Utah, California, Nevada, Arizona), through Mexico. Utah is named after the indigenous Uto-Aztecan Ute people. Classical Nahuatl, the language of the Aztecs, and its modern successors are part of the Uto-Aztecan family.

Family division

Uto-Aztecan consists of 33 languages.

I. Hopi

1. Hopi

II. Tubatulabal

2. Tubatulabal

III. Tubar

3. Tubar†

IV. Numic (a.k.a. Plateau)

A. Central Numic
4. Comanche
5. Shoshone
6. Timbisha
B. Southern Numic
7. Kawaiisu
8. Ute
C. Western Numic
9. Mono
10. Northern Paiute language

V. Takic (a.k.a. Southern California)

11. Tongva (a.k.a. Gabrieleño)†
12. Tataviam†
A. Cupan
13. Cahuilla
14. Cupeño
15. Juaneño†
16. Luiseño
B. Serran
17. Kitanemuk†
18. Serrano†

VI. Aztecan (a.k.a. Nahuatl, Nahuatlan)

19. Pochutec (a.k.a. Pochutla)†
A. General Aztec
20. Nahuatl
21. Pipil

VII. Corachol (a.k.a Coran)

22. Huichol
A. Cora
23. Cora
24. Santa Teresa Cora

VIII. Taracahitic

A. Tarahumaran
25. Guarijío
26. Tarahumara
B. Sonoran
27. Opata (a.k.a. Ópata)†
A. Cáhita
28. Mayo
29. Yaqui

IX. Piman (a.k.a. Pimic, Tepiman)

30. O'odham (a.k.a. Pima language, Papago language)
31. Pima Bajo (a.k.a. Mountain Pima)
32. Northern Tepehuan
33. Southern Tepehuan (a.k.a. Tepecano)†
† extinct

The term Aztecoidan refers to Alden Mason's sub-grouping of the Aztecan and Corachol branches.

References

  • Campbell, Lyle. (1979). Middle American languages. In L. Campbell & M. Mithun (Eds.), The languages of native America: Historical and comparative assessment (pp. 902-1000). Austin: University of Texas Press.
  • Miller, Wick. (1983). Uto-Aztecan languages. In W. C. Sturtevant (Ed.), Handbook of North American Indians (Vol. 10, pp. 113-124). Washington, D. C.: Smithsonian Institution.
  • Mithun, Marianne. (1999). The languages of Native North America. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-23228-7 (hbk); ISBN 0-521-29875-X.
  • Steele, Susan. (1979). Uto-Aztecan: An assessment for historical and comparative linguistics. In L. Campbell & M. Mithun (Eds.), The languages of native America: Historical and comparative assessment (pp. 444-544). Austin: University of Texas Press.
  • Súarez, Jorge. (1983). The Mesoamerican Indian languages. Cambridge University Press.

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